Novapoint Terrain Library

Use this function for the following:

• to convert a 2D object (source object) into a 3D Polyline with desired elevations at its break points
• to edit the elevations of a 3D Polyline

The resulting 3D polyline consists of line elements only. All the lines/arcs/circles/spirals of the source object will be converted into a series of straight lines before assigning elevations.

• The source object can be line/arc/circle/polyline/spiral/3D Polyline/ASCII (TIT, LIN, INH, LI, and DAT) file

1. Run the function and select the source object
2. Split the selected source into a series of straight-lines using the option 'Lines only'
   • This creates more break points (end points where elevations will be assigned)
3. Assign the elevation using any of the following options:
   1. Elevation from NYLP: Automatically reads the elevations from an NYL (ASCII) file and assigns the same to the converted 3D Polyline
   2. Point elevation <: Pick a point of the converted 3D Polyline and pick the text entity with elevation value or key in the elevation at the command prompt to assign elevation
   3. Height: Assign elevations for at least two break points and interpolate heights in between them
4. Save the newly created 3D polyline using the option 'Save (TITUT)'
5. Draw the newly created 3D polyline using the option '3D - Draw'

This function is also available in Road, Waterway and Civil Construction

MOUS_ICO Toolbar: Terrain > Toolbars > Terrain Design:

3D - Lines
MOUS_ICO Menu: Terrain > Terrain Design > 3D - Lines…

Command prompts for:

Pick a line, arc, polyline: <Enter> = Read from file OK.

MOUS_ICO Pick the source object(s) from the current drawing or hit Enter to read an ASCII file

KEYB_ICO Use the Undo option to remove the previous selection

Use this option to convert the source object into a series of straight lines.

Converting a source object composed of arcs/spirals to a 3D polyline requires the arcs/spirals to be replaced by a series of straight lines (more break points). This adds more break points and the converted 3D polyline follows the curvature of the arcs/spirals of the source object.

In general, the function reads the break points of the source object, assigns elevations, and joins them with lines (3D). In this process, the curvature of the arcs/spirals in the source object will be lost. The converted lines from the arcs/spirals have two break points for each line. Further in this process, the line elements of the source object will also be converted into a series of straight lines to have more break points.

The accuracy (curvature) with the source object in converting it into straight lines can be controlled with the parameter 'Accuracy'. The length of sub-divided lines is determined by the radius/parameter (spiral) and the accuracy.

This option can also be used to add more break points on line elements of the source object. Thus having elevations assigned at more points rather than just at start and end points of line elements.

These setting are defined in the dialog 'Lines Only', which pop up with this button.

The length of the straight lines resulting from the conversion to 3D polyline is controlled with this option.

• Define the length (meters) of each elemental straight-line
• If the value is 5.0m (default), none of the resulting straight-lines will be longer than 5.0m
• This does not mean that all the lines are 5.0m long, but none of the lines will be longer than 5.0m

The degree of accuracy determines the number of elemental straight lines, the source object is to be sub-divided.

In most cases, an accuracy of 1.00 is more than sufficient.

• If an accuracy of 1.00 does not give sufficient detail, a higher accuracy level can be specified.
• An accuracy of 2.00 subdivides arcs and transition curves into twice as many straight lines as an accuracy of 1.00
• If this value is increased, the accuracy is increased and arcs/circles/spirals are subdivided into a higher number of straight lines with smaller lengths
• Smaller accuracy values give less number of lines and the length of the line element will be more
• Large arcs require greater accuracy than small arcs
• Degree of accuracy must therefore be evaluated from case to case

Any value from 0.1 to 3.0 or higher can be used. The accuracy and the deviation from the source are mentioned below when a circle with a radius of 10.0m is converted to straight-lines:

Use this option to read the elevations from an NYLP (ASCII) file and assign it to 3D Polyline.

• The dialog 'Select file' will pop up with this button
  • Browse to the location of the file, select the file, and click the button 'Open'
  • The elevation is read from the selected NYLP file and assigned to the break points of the 3D Polyline
• If more break points are required, use the option 'Lines only'

NYLP files can be automatically generated from alignment objects and existing 3D lines (CAD).

Use this option to assign the elevations from the desired points (need not be a break point) of the source object.

• Pick the point on the source object
  • Use the snap modes for precise selection
  • The function creates a break point if the selected point is not a break point
• Assign elevation either by picking a text entity that has elevation value or key in the elevation at the command prompt
• Repeat the process for all the key points
• Use 'Heights' for interpolating the elevations in between the assigned key points

When this option is availed, command prompts for:

Pick a point for elevation:

MOUS_ICO Pick the point to assign elevation

Select text with elevation:

MOUS_ICO Pick the text entity that has the elevation value. The program reads if the text is in the form +/- elevation value, e.g., 565.125, -515.325, +418.290, etc. The text can have suffix. The program does not read other formats of text.
MOUS_ICO If text is not available, hit 'Enter' to key in the elevation value

Height <0.00>:

KEYB_ICO Confirm the elevation value read from the text or key in the elevation value (+/-)

Pick a point for elevation:

MOUS_ICO Pick the next point to assign elevation or exit the command

Use this option for the following:

1. to assign/modify elevations for the key points
2. to define elevations for all the break points by interpolating the elevations of key points

The dialog 'TenTable - Z - Coordinates' will pop up with this option.

• The upper area lists the details of break points (number, coordinates, and chainage)
• Select a break point for the upper list
• Define the elevations in the 'Height at this end point' field and confirm with the key 'Return'
• Define elevations for all the key points

Define the section for interpolation using the fields 'From Point No.' and 'To Point No.' and hit the button 'Interpolate between these Points'

Use this option to save the data (2D or 3D) to ASCII files (*.TIT, *.LIN, *.LI, *.DAT, *.KOF and *.NYL) or to database (Digital Terrain Model/DTM).

• Using this option, the source can be directly saved to the database as an alignment object

The dialog 'Horizontal alignment' will pop up with this button.

Define the element number for the first element of the source object/3D Polyline

Define the start chainage value at the field 'Start at Station No.'

• Chainage can be defined either in ascending or descending order
• Mark the desired radio button

The data can be viewed in 'TenTable Format (*.TIT) (ASCII)' (only horizontal geometry; no elevations) before saving.

Other ASCII formats (INH, LIN, LI, and DAT) can also be viewed using the button 'Select from File' of the dialog 'View Alignment Geometry'.

• These ASCII formats are explained in the following sections

Use this option to save the data in TIT format.

• Only horizontal geometry will be saved in this format
• Data of each element is represented in two rows in 'TenTable Format'
• The width for the values is 11 characters including the negative sign and the decimal separator
  • The width for the code 10 (at the start of each line) is 2 characters

• Related vertical geometry is to be saved in the 'NYLP File'

Example - TIT Format

10      1.000      0.000      0.000      0.000      0.000      0.000
10  23164.206   6534.237  23135.430   6721.057    189.023      0.000
10      2.000    189.023      0.000      0.000      0.000      0.000
10  23135.430   6721.057  23134.237   6729.624    197.673      0.000
10      3.000    197.673      0.000      0.000      0.000      0.000
10  23134.237   6729.624  23133.291   6738.221    206.322      0.000
10      4.000    206.322      0.000      0.000      0.000      0.000
10  23133.291   6738.221  23132.593   6746.842    214.971      0.000
10      5.000    214.971      0.000      0.000      0.000      0.000
10  23132.593   6746.842  23132.144   6755.479    223.620      0.000
10      6.000    223.620      0.000      0.000      0.000      0.000
10  23132.144   6755.479  23131.945   6764.126    232.269      0.000
10      7.000    232.269      0.000      0.000      0.000      0.000
10  23131.945   6764.126  23131.994   6772.775    240.918      0.000

Use this option to save the data in LIN format.

• LIN format is point-based and each point is represented in a single row
• The first number in the first row represents the total number of rows present in the file
• The second row represents the details of the first break point
• The last row represents the data of the last break point
• Elements are represented in their own rows as Element Number, Start Northing, Start Easting, Start Chainage, Start Radius, Bearing, Parameter (Spiral), End Radius, and Element Length

Example - LIN Format

138                                                                                                                          ,
1,  23164.20610,   6534.23692,      0.00000,      0.00000,109.729394,      0.00000,      0.00000,    189.09441               ,
2,  23135.43018,   6721.05710,    189.02336,      0.00000,108.811660,      0.00000,      0.00000,      8.65239               ,
3,  23134.23684,   6729.62352,    197.67250,      0.00000,106.976192,      0.00000,      0.00000,      8.65239               ,
4,  23133.29095,   6738.22078,    206.32165,      0.00000,105.140723,      0.00000,      0.00000,      8.65239               ,
5,  23132.59329,   6746.84174,    214.97079,      0.00000,103.305255,      0.00000,      0.00000,      8.65239               ,
6,  23132.14443,   6755.47923,    223.61993,      0.00000,101.469786,      0.00000,      0.00000,      8.65239               ,
7,  23131.94477,   6764.12606,    232.26907,      0.00000, 99.634318,      0.00000,      0.00000,      8.65239               ,
8,  23131.99445,   6772.77506,    240.91821,      0.00000, 97.798849,      0.00000,      0.00000,      8.65239               ,

KOF is a Norwegian coordinate file format.

• KOF format represents X, Y, and Z coordinates at a regular interval along the entity including the end points of each element
• Z-coordinates are automatically included if available in the data
• Alternatively, 'NYLP File' (format for vertical geometry) can be linked to the data

The dialog box 'Polyline to a KOF file' will pop.

Select the 'NYLP file' to link the vertical geometry (*.NYP file) to the data being saved as a KOF file.

Define the feature code for the data being saved.

Limit the section of the data being saved using these fields.

• By default, the whole data is considered

Define the interval for coordinate points.

Mark the check box to include the coordinates of end points of the elements in addition to the coordinates as per the interval.

Define the location and name for the KOF file

Example - KOF Format

09                                                       59         *
 09                                                       91         *
-05 PPPPPPPPPP KKKKKKKK XXXXXXXX.XXX YYYYYYY.YYY ZZZZ.ZZZ Bk MMMMMMM *
 05 0.000      7003        23164.206    6534.237   97.703  0         *
 05 189.023    7003        23135.430    6721.057   92.520  0         *
 05 197.673    7003        23134.237    6729.624   92.283  0         *
 05 206.322    7003        23133.291    6738.221   92.046  0         *
 05 214.971    7003        23132.593    6746.842   91.809  0         *
 05 223.620    7003        23132.144    6755.479   91.572  0         *
 05 232.269    7003        23131.945    6764.126   91.334  0         *
 05 240.918    7003        23131.994    6772.775   91.097  0         *

• The first three rows are headings and information rows
• The second column represents chainage
• The third column is for feature code
• The fourth column is for Y - coordinate (Northing)
• The fifth column is for X - coordinate (Easting), and
• The sixth column is for Z - coordinate (Elevations)

NYLP format is for vertical geometry (profile) of alignment. If the horizontal geometry is created using a 3D Polyline, vertical geometry (NYLP file) can be created from the 3D Polyline using this option.

The dialog box '3D Polyline to NYLP file' will pop up.

• The first three rows are to for explanatory text
• The fourth row is for explanatory text on the location and name of the file
• The fifth row is for explanatory text on start chainage, interval, and end chainage.
• The location and name of the file can be defined using the button 'NYLP File' and the same is mapped in the fourth row
  • The same can also be defined in the edit field at this button
• The values are separated by a single space

It is usual in profile lines to use a radius equal to zero at start and end points. Desired value other than zero can also be used.

Example - NYLP Format

Explanatory text
Explanatory text
Explanatory text
<C:\USERS\Wiki\DESKTOP\EXAMPLE.NYL>
250 25 550 (explanatory text for start chainage, interval, and end chaiange)
0.000 97.703 0.000
189.023 92.520 0.000
197.673 92.283 0.000
206.322 92.046 0.000
214.971 91.809 0.000
223.620 91.572 0.000
232.269 91.334 0.000
240.918 91.097 0.000

Use this option to save the data as an object in the database (Digital Terrain Model/DTM). The dialog 'Object Identification' will pop up.

• Define a unique name for the object
• Define feature code using the button 'Feature Code'
  • For further details, refer to 'Feature Code'
• Assign a group using the button 'Group'
  • For further details, refer to 'Group'

Use this option to present the 3D Polyline on the current drawing

Command prompts for:

Erase old line(s) before drawing the new one? No/<Yes>:

KEYB_ICO Answering 'Yes' (defult) erase the lines loaded to the function 'Create 3D line' and answering 'No' retains the lines loaded to the function 'Create 3D line'.

To edit a 3D line created by this function and for its associated functions, run the function 'object_menu'.

• For further details, refer to '3D Line'

Related Topics

• Convert Arc to Straight Lines (alternative for 'Lines Only')
• Convert Arc to Straight Lines (alternative for 'Lines Only' but have additional features for elevation, CAD properties, etc.)